What vaccine caused more death and illness than the disease it was intended to prevent?

At least one vaccine that was used that caused these problems was the Swine Flu vaccine given in the US in 1976 for one of the earlier strains of "Swine Flu" in humans. Many people died or contracted Guillian-Barre syndrome from the vaccine, more than were impacted by the disease itself. The method of preparation of vaccines has been changed and improved greatly, so this type of response to the newer vaccines is no longer anticipated.